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| ENG Propaganda Movement NL | ||||
| Propaganda Movement | ||
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Jose Rizal, Marcelo H. Del Pilar and Mariano Ponce comprised the main staff of La Solidaridad, official organ of the
Philippine propaganda movement in Spain; they were called the “Glorious Trinity of the Propaganda Movement”. The limited higher education in the colony was entirely under clerical direction, but by the 1880s many sons of wealthy Filipinos were sent to Europe to study. There, nationalism and a passion for reform blossomed in the liberal atmosphere. Out of this talented group of overseas Filipino students arose the so-called Propaganda Movement. On Dec 13, 1888 they established in Barcelona the La Solidaridad. This movement called for the annexation of the Philippines, Filipino representation in the Spanish legislature, freedom of speech and the press, and Filipino equality before the law. |
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Magazines, poetry, and pamphleteering flourished. The president of
La Solidaridad was Rizal's cousin, Galicano Apacible. Among the other officers were Graciano Lopez-Jaena, vice-president, and Mariano Ponce, treasurer. Rizal, in London at the time, was named
Honorary President. Unfortunately, Apacible could not hold the wrangling reformists together. It took the prestige of Rizal and the political wisdom of del Pilar to unite the Filipinos in Spain and
to coordinate their efforts. Jose Rizal was this movement's most brilliant figure and his writings had a wide impact in the Philippines. Marcelo H. Del Pilar joined the Masonic Order in Spain in
1889, one of the first Filipinos initiated into the mysteries of Masonry in Europe. He co-founded Logia Revoluccion in Barcelona and revived Logia Solidaridad 53 when it floundered into stormy seas
where he became its Worshipful Master and with Jose Rizal as Orator. He was crowned 33° by the Gran Oriente Espanol. He spearheaded the secret organization of Masonic lodges in the Philippines as a means of strengthening the propaganda movement. Mariano Ponce also became a mason in Spain and became Secretary of Logia Revoluccion and Logia Solidaridad 53. He attained the rank of 33° mason under the auspices of the Gran Oriente Espaņol. |
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